Accuracy of Transabdominal Ultrasonography in Diagnosing Ectopic Pregnancy, Taking SurgicalFindings as Gold Standard
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74iSUPPL-2.9077Keywords:
Diagnosis, Ectopic pregnancy, Transabdominal ultrasonography.Abstract
Objective: To determine the accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy taking surgical
findings as the gold standard.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot from October 2019 to April 2020.
Methodology: A total of 211 females with a suspicion of ectopic pregnancy between 18 to 40 years of age were included in this
study who fulfilled the selection criteria. Transabdominal sonography was carried out in all patients. The females were then
subjected to surgery for confirmation of diagnosis. The findings were noted down on the proforma and were subjected to
statistical analysis.
Results: The mean age of the patients 28.38±5.61 years, the mean gestational age was 7.56±1.88 weeks and the mean parity was
2.02±0.74 children. Ectopic pregnancy on ultrasound was diagnosed in 159(75.4%) females and on surgery ectopic pregnancy
was found in 157(74.4%) females. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and
diagnostic accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for detecting ectopic pregnancy was 97.4%, 89%, 96.3%, 92.3% and 95.2%
respectively.
Conclusion: Transabdominal ultrasound had a high diagnostic accuracy for detecting ectopic pregnancy.
Downloads
References
Nadim B, Infante F, Lu C, Sathasivam N, Condous G. Morphological
ultrasound types known as 'blob' and 'bagel' signs should be
reclassified from suggesting probable to indicating definite tubal
ectopic pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018; 51(4): 543-49.
https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17355
Riaz RM, Williams TR, Craig BM, Myers DT. Caesarean scar ectopic
pregnancy: imaging features, current treatment options, and clinical
outcomes. Abdom Imaging 2015; 40(7): 2589-99.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0472-2
Rombauts L, McMaster R, Motteram C, Fernando S. Risk of ectopic
pregnancy is linked to endometrial thickness in a retrospective
cohort study of 8120 assisted reproduction technology cycles. Hum
Reprod 2015; 30(12): 2846-52.
https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev249
Imtiaz S. Diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in early
(first trimester) detection of ectopic pregnancy and to exclude an
alternative diagnosis. Pak J Radiol 2016; 26(3):212-7.
https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh770
Richardson A, Gallos I, Dobson S, Campbell BK, Coomarasamy A,
Raine-Fenning N. Accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound in the
diagnosis of tubal ectopic pregnancy in the absence of an obvious
extrauterine embryo: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016; 47(1): 28-37.
https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.14844
Levine D, McInnes M. Re: Accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound in
the diagnosis of tubal ectopic pregnancy in the absence of an obvious
extrauterine embryo: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016; 48(1): 129.
https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.15877
Salman KS, Atrah SK, Zwyea S. A Comparative Study between
Transabdominal and Transvaginal Ultrasound Techniques in Early
Detection of Ectopic Pregnancy. Ann Romanian Soc Cell Biol 2021:
-36.
http://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/5354
Lal D, Ali M, Jesrani A, Mustansir S, Zaidi H. The diagnostic
accuracy of transabdominal sonography (TAS) in early (first
trimester) detection of ectopic pregnancy using histopathology as
gold standard in high risk patients. Pak J Radiol 2016; 26(3): 206-11.
http://www.pakjr.com/ojs/index.php/PJR/article/view/57
Ong CL, Wong L, Yang Y, Chow SLC, Qi M, Morada E, et al.
Accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting ectopic pregnancy.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017; 43(S1): S140.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.08.1449
Agarwal CK, Gupta B, Garg A, Singhal M. Evaluation of Diagnostic
Accuracy of Transabdominal Ultrasound in Respect to Transvaginal
Ultrasound in Diagnosing Ectopic Pregnancy Taking Histopathology
as The Gold Standard at Tertiary Care Hospital. Int J Pharm Clin Res
; 13(6); 564-570.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.08.1449
Nahar MN, Sattar A, Ara H, Rabbi AF, Shirin M, Kumu FK, et al.
Role of transabdominal Ultrasonography in the evaluation of
suspected ectopic pregnancy. J Dhaka Med Coll 2013; 22(2): 167-72.
https://doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21529
Salman, K.S., Atrah, S.K.A.A. and Zwyea, S., 2021. A Comparative
Study between Transabdominal and Transvaginal Ultrasound
Techniques in Early Detection of Ectopic Pregnancy. Ann Romanian
Soc Cell Biol 2021; 25(4): 16128-16136.
http://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/5354
Thapa NB, Dwa YP. Role of transabdominal ultrasound in detection
of ectopic pregnancy. J Coll Med Sci Nepal. 2016; 12(1): 1-4.
https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v12i1.14397
Obajimi GO, Smart AE, Adekanmi AJ, Adeniji‑Sofoluwe A, Jinadu
FO. Correlation between transabdominal ultrasound features of
ectopic gestation and surgical findings at the university college
hospital, Ibadan: A preliminary review. Trop J Obstet Gynaecol 2019;
(2): 265-70.
https://doi.org/10.4103/TJOG.TJOG_39_18
Shetty VH, Gowda S, Muralidhar L. Role of ultrasonography in
diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy with clinical analysis and
management in tertiary care hospital. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2014;
(5): 354–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-014-0529-0
Scibetta EW, Han CS. Ultrasound in early pregnancy: viability,
unknown locations, and ectopic pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol Clin
; 46(4): 783-95.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2019.07.013
Zanaboni A, Magee M, Gibbons RC, Costantino TG. Point-of-care
ultrasound diagnosis of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy: a case
series. J Emerg Med 2021; 60(2): 216-9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.09.035
Dooley WM, Chaggar P, De Braud LV, Bottomley C, Jauniaux E,
Jurkovic D. Effect of morphological type of extrauterine ectopic
pregnancy on accuracy of preoperative ultrasound diagnosis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019; 54(4): 538-44.
https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20274
Feng H, Zheng Y, Ke Y. Ultrasound vs. histologic findings in 40
patients with special types of ectopic pregnancy. Am J Transl Res
; 13(7): 7829-7838
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Asif Javed, Ayesha Niaz, Uroosa Asim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
