ASSESSMENT OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AND RELATED VARIOUS FACTORS IN THE NEONATES OF MOTHERS WITH DIABETES

Abstract

Objective: To assess the frequency of congenital heart disease and its association with various factors in neonates of mothers with diabetes.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatrics, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore and Army Cardiac Centre Lahore from Feb 2018 to Aug 2018.

Methodology: A total of 92 neonates born to mothers with diabetes of aged up to 28 days of either gender were included. Preterm, post term and other multiple congenital anomalies were excluded. Patient was diagnosed as having congenital heart disease based on the results of 2-D Echocardiography done by consultant pediatric cardiologist. Findings of the 2-D Echo along with other information like name, age, gender, weight and HbA1c were recorded. Data was collected using proforma and analysis was done with statistical package for social sciences version 23.

Results: Total neonates born to mothers with diabetes included in study were 92. Age of neonates ranged from 0 to 28 days with mean of 13.36 ± 4.49 days. Mostly patients 64 (69.57%) ranged between 4-15 days. Mean weight of baby was 3.24 ± 0.49 kg. Out of the 92 patients, males were 53 (57.61%) and females were 39 (42.39%) with ratio of 1.5: 1 respectively. In this study, the frequency of congenital heart disease in neonates of mothers with diabetes was 71 (77.17%) while 21 (22.83%) new born did not have congenital heart disease. Patent Ductus Arteriosus was the most common congenital heart defect in 25 (27.17%) neonates. Congenital heart defects in neonates were significantly (p=0.039) associated with weight of neonates >3kg. Moreover neonates born to the mothers with
poorly controlled diabetes had significantly more chances of developing CHD (p=0.0001).

Conclusion: This study has shown that the congenital heart disease is quiet frequent in neonates born to mothers with diabetes and particularly common in neonates expectant mothers with poorly controlled diabetes.