FREQUENCY OF ABRUPTIO PLACENTAE AND INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION IN WOMEN WITH PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION (PIH)

Abstract

Objective: To determine frequency of Abruptio placentae and intrauterine growth restriction in pre-eclampsia and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH).

Study Design: It was a cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out over a period of 9 months from 19-3-2009 to 18-12-2009 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Material and Methods: A total of 97 patients of PIH and pre-eclampsia out of 1525 patients with 20 weeks and onward gestation presented in the OPD of military hospital Rawalpindi (gynae/obs department) in 9 months from 19th March to 18th December 2009 who were included in the study. Patients were selected at 20 weeks onwards and outcome was recorded at delivery. Feto-maternal morbidity was seen in PIH and pre-eclampsia.
The study outcome was noted as having intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or placental abruption.

Results: The majority of patients 73 (75.3%) were between 21-30 years and 23 (23.7%) patients were between 31-40 years whereas 1 (1.03%) patient was below 20 years of age. The mean age of patients was 28.9 ± 4.3 years. Out of Total 97 patients, 81 (83.5%) had pregnancy induced hypertension while remaining 16 (16.5%) patients had preeclampsia. Out of 81 patients of pregnancy induced hypertension, 12 patients (14.8%) had IUGR and 3 patients (3.7%) had placental abruption. Out of 16 patients of pre-eclampsia, 2 (12.5%) each had IUGR and placental abruption.

Conclusion: In the current study 17.5% patients had IUGR and abruption placentae in women having PIH and pre-ecalmpsia. By controlling blood pressure (BP) patients can be prevented from having IUGR and abruption and its resultant consequences to some extent.