BIOSTATISTICAL STUDY OF CLINICAL RISK FACTORS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY FROM PAKISTAN

Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Objective: This study is aimed at examining the degree of dependency of myocardial infarction (MI) on clinical risk factors and development of a biostatistical model for prediction of probabilities of MI in the presence of various variables.
Study Design: Analytical study (case-control study).
Place and Duration of Study: Data for this study is collected from various cardiac centers / hospitals from all the four provinces of Pakistan from February, 2013 to March, 2014.
Material and Methods: The study involves 2000 samples (1000 cases and 1000 controls) from all the four provinces of Pakistan. Both genders were included in the samples. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the probabilities of MI using statistical software SPSS. Odds Ratios were estimated for all the risk factors. Stepwise procedures were used.
Results: In this study all the risk factors i.e the Atherosclerosis (p<0.001), Ischemic heart disease (p<0.001), Hypertensive disorder (p<0.001), Diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), Deranged metabolic activity & obesity (p<0.001), Smoking (p=0.034), Consumption of alcohol (p=0.048), Family history (p=0.006) and Male gender (p<0.001) are proved statistically significant in the development of disease MI. Moreover all the clinical risk factors are positively associated with the response variable MI. Chest pain/coronary ischemia is found to be the most prominent symptom/etiology of MI.
Conclusion: In this study all the clinical risk factors are proved statistically significant in the development of Myocardial Infarction (MI).