FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY AT A TERTIARY CARE CARDIAC UNIT

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of risk factors with respect to age and gender in patients presenting for
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery at a tertiary care cardiac facility.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology from February 2016 to October 2016.
Material and Methods: One hundred and seventy two individuals were enrolled in the study through purposive
convenience sampling. All adult males and females undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
aged 18 and above were included in the study after informed consent. A structured questionnaire regarding the
risk profile of patients was designed to collect the data from the history given by patients and their biochemical
and radiological reports.
Results: The frequencies of male and female genders are 128 (74.4%) and 44 (25.6%) respectively. The age varies
from 27 yrs to 77 yrs with a mean age of 57.29 ± 8.9. Maximum number of patients i.e. 73 (42.2%) lie within 56-65
years however we had a significant number of patients below the age of 55 years i.e. 67 (41.1%). Hypertension
was the most common risk factor with 50 (28.9%) having stage II hypertension and 41 (23.7%) with Stage I
hypertension. The second in line was diabetes with a frequency of 44 (25.4%). The prevalence of other risk factors
like current smokers was 31 (17.9%), obesity 35 (20.2%),........................


Conclusion: Our findings highlighted prevalence of CAD risk factors in younger age group. Modifiable risk
factors like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and ..................