PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON PULMONARY VALVULOPLASTY – IMMEDIATE RESULTS AND COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Objective: To assess the results and immediate complications of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty
at AFIC/NIHD.
Study design: Quasi experimental study
Place and duration of study: Paediatric cardiology department of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology &
National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC-NIHD) Pakistan from 01st October 2010 to 31st September 2013.
Patients and Methods: This study comprised 143 patients (74 male and 69 female) with pulmonary valve stenosis
undergoing percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. The procedure was classified as successful when the
angiographic derived peak to peak pressure gradient (PG )across right ventricular outflow tract was reduced to
less than 50% of pre-procedural value, suboptimal if reduction was 25-50% and unsuccessful if PG reduced by
less than 25% of its initial value.
Results: The mean age of study population was 8.4 ± 10.3 years and procedure was successful in 133 (93%) cases.
Mean PG was reduced from 85.6 ± 34.4 mmHg to 24.7 ± 14.5 mmHg (p< 0.001). Procedure was considered
unsuccessful in one case, where PG across right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reduced from 70 to 60 mmHg,
due to concomitant infundibular bands. In another nine patients, procedure considered suboptimal, as mean PG
reduced from 81 ± 24.1 to 50 ± 16 mmHg. Among study population, 31 (21.7%) cases were considered as critical
pulmonary stenosis. There were two deaths, two non fatal cardiac arrests, one life threatening arrhythmias and
............
Conclusion: Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty was effective and safe for the treatment of pulmonary valve
stenosis with excellent short term results.