Prevalence and Clinical Outcome of Infections Caused By Multi-Drug-Resistant Organisms In A Critical Care Unit of A Tertiary Care Hospital

Warda Furqan; Faisal Hanif; Javaid Usman; Rafia Irfan; Afnan Naeem; Qanita Fahim

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v76i2.12615

Authors

Warda Furqan Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Faisal Hanif Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Javaid Usman Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Rafia Irfan Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Afnan Naeem Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Qanita Fahim Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v76i2.12615

Keywords:

Critical Care Units, Clinical Outcome, Extensively Drug-Resistant, Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms, Pan-Drug-Resistant Organisms.Bottom of Form

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency and clinical outcomes of infections caused by multidrug resistant organism in a critical care unit.

Study design: Cross-sectional study/ Retrospective Observational study/ Retrospective Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Army Medical College (NUMS) Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Mar to Apr 2024.

Methodology: Records of samples from Seven hundred and fifty six patients admitted to the critical care unit were analysed. The microbiology laboratory received and processed 605 paired blood, 498 endobronchial washings, and 50 cerebrospinal fluid specimens for culture and sensitivity. Standard microbiological procedures were followed for sample processing, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2023.

Results: Top of Form Out of 605 admitted patients whose samples were sent, 492(81.32%) were male and 113(18.67%) females with a mean stay of 5.6 ± 1.8 days. Among the total specimens analyzed, 365 showed growth, 226(37.35%) of paired blood cultures, 129(29.91%) of endobronchial washings, and 10(20.00%) of cerebrospinal fluid specimens showed bacterial growth. Acinetobacter baumannii was the predominant pathogen isolated, with 82(57.74%) were multidrug-resistant and 60(42.25%) were extensively drug-resistant. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. were the most isolated Gram-positive cocci in blood cultures. Mortality rates due to bacterial meningitis, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bloodstream infections were observed 4(40.00%), 52(34.89%), and 72(31.85%) respectively.

Conclusion: Rising prevalence of multi drug resistant gram negative bacteria heighten the risk of nosocomial infections among patients of critical care unit.

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