Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Lower Abdominal Pain

Abdullah Akram; Waseem Ahmad; Farooq Ikram; Zunaira Zulfiqar; Babar Ali; Manal Latif

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v76i1.10380

Authors

Abdullah Akram Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Waseem Ahmad Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Farooq Ikram Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Zunaira Zulfiqar Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Babar Ali Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Manal Latif Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v76i1.10380

Keywords:

Children, Dysuria, Lower abdominal pain, Urinary tract infection

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between different factors and the development of urinary tract infections in children presenting with lower abdominal pain.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan Aug 2022 to March 2023.

Methodology: This study was conducted on 198 paediatric patients. All patients underwent urine culture for establishing the diagnosis of a UTI and a positive culture was defined as >105 CFU/mL of a single bacterial pathogen. Patients with a positive urine culture were grouped into cases while with negative urine culture were used as controls.

Results: The mean age of our study sample was 9.61±3.62 years. Male gender (OR: 0.44 [95% Cl 0.24 – 2.57]) was associated with a lower risk of developing UTIs while obesity (OR: 4.27 [95% Cl 1.83 – 9.95]), family history of recurrent urinary tract infections (OR: 3.68 [95% Cl 1.40 – 9.67]), renal scarring (OR: 4.13 [95% Cl 0.45 – 37.59]), urinary tract anatomical abnormalities (OR: 6.06 [95% Cl 1.31 – 28.11]), low daily fluid intake (OR: 7.19 [95% Cl 3.01 – 17.19]) and decreased frequency of voiding per day (OR: 2.86 [95% Cl 1.24 – 6.57]) were all associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infections.

Conclusion: Identification of risk factors for the development of urinary tract infections in children presenting with isolated, non-specific lower abdominal pain, such as obesity, poor fluid intake and inadequate voiding can help the clinician to make appropriate diagnoses.

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