Role of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Renal Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial

Abstract

Objective: To find out the effect of Dexmedetomidine infusion on renal function in patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.

Study Design: Randomized control trial (RCT- NCT05375188).

Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Karachi Pakistan, from Jun to Sep 2021.

Methodology: 60 patients were allocated randomly into two groups. In Group-D, Dexmetedomidine was given as an infusion of 0.4 μg/kg/h from induction of anesthesia for 24 hours. In Group-C, patients were receiving an equal volume of normal saline. The primary outcome of the study was Serum Creatinine (mg/dl) which was measured 24 hours before the surgery as baseline and then 24 hours and 48 hours after surgery.

Results: In Group-C Serum Creatinine was found to be 0.96 +/- 0.21mg/dl at baseline, 1.02 +/- 0.35 mg/dl after 24 hours and 1.38 +/- 0.47 mg/dl after 48 hours of surgery. In Group-D Serum Creatinine was found to be 0.76 +/- 0.12 mg/dl at baseline,0.85 +/- 0.17 mg/dl after 24 hours and 0.82+/- 0.24 mg/dl after 48 hours of surgery. p-value was found to be <0.001 after 48hours of surgery.

Conclusion: Dexmetedomidine infusion significantly reduced incidence of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing
coronary artery bypass graft surgery.