Severity of Hand Injury: An Association Between Severity of Hand Injury, Anxiety and Depression

Ghazanfar Ali; Sikander Ali Khan; Muhammad Tariq; Habib ur Rehman; Tahir Masood Ahmad; Shehzad Ahmed Abbasi

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v74i2.9517

Authors

Ghazanfar Ali Department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Sikander Ali Khan Department of Psychology, Combined Military Hospital, Multan/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Muhammad Tariq Department of Psychology, Combined Military Hospital, Jhelum/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Habib ur Rehman Department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Tahir Masood Ahmad Department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Shehzad Ahmed Abbasi Department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i2.9517

Keywords:

Anxiety, Hand injury, Hand injury severity scoring system, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the severity of hand injury with anxiety and depression.

Study design: Cross-sectional

study Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Psychiatry and Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan Pakistan, from Jul 2021 to May 2022.

Methodology: We consecutively included 104 patients. The patients were given a specifically designed proforma to assess the parameters. Hand injury severity was assessed using the Hands injury severity scoring system. In contrast, the presence of anxiety and depression was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.19±4.14 years; 97(93.3%) were males, and 95(91.3%) were married. 44 patients (42.3%) belonged to the wood trade, 25 farmers (24%), building trade 23(22.1%), and 10(9.6%) belonged to the metal trade. 68(65.4%) sustained a combination type of injury, 15(14.4%) had injury and 14(13.5%) had crush injuries. Of 53(51.0%), axe was the cause, 21(20.2%) was due to saw, and 16(15.4%) were due to metal when the severity of hand injury was compared for correlation with anxiety levels (p=0.188) and level of depression (p=0.413).

Conclusion: Results of this study highlight that the presence of anxiety is more than depression after hand injury but not significantly correlated.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Xu W, Toyoda Y, Lin IC. Upper Extremity Prosthetics: Current Options and Future Innovations. J Hand Surg Am 2023; 48(10): 1034-1044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2023.05.018.

Faust NT, Chatterjee A, Christopoulos GI. Beauty in the eyes and the hand of the beholder: Eye and hand movements' differential responses to facial attractiveness. J Exp Soc Psychol 2019; 85:103884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103884.

Brown RC, Fischer T, Goldwich DA, Plener PL. “I just finally wanted to belong somewhere”—Qualitative Analysis of Experiences With Posting Pictures of Self-Injury on Instagram. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11: 274.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00274.

Stögner VA, Kaltenborn A, Laser H, Vogt PM. Hand injuries in sports - a retrospective analysis of 364 cases. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21(1): 826.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-020-03807-z.

Pittermann A, Hruby LA, Sturma A, Aszmann OC. Psychosocial Importance of the Hand and Consequences of Severe Hand Trauma, Amputation and Complete Brachial Plexus Injury. InBionic Limb Reconstruction, Springer, Cham; 2021.

Reitan I, Dahlin LB, Rosberg HE. Patient-reported quality of life and hand disability in elderly patients after a traumatic hand injury - a retrospective study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17(1): 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-019-1215-9.

Buccino F, Bunt A, Lazell A, Vergani LM. Mechanical Design Optimization of Prosthetic Hand's Fingers: Novel Solutions towards Weight Reduction. Materials 2022; 15(7): 2456.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072456.

Craigie M, Osseiran-Moisson R, Hemsworth D, Aoun S, Francis K, Brown J, et al. The influence of trait-negative affect and compassion satisfaction on compassion fatigue in Australian nurses. Psychol Trauma. 2016; 8(1): 88-97.

https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000050.

Sheehy K, Noureen A, Khaliq A, Dhingra K, Husain N, Pontin EE, et al. An examination of the relationship between shame, guilt and self-harm: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2019; 73: 101779.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101779.

Bernstein DN, Crijns TJ, Mahmood B, Ring D, Hammert WC. Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Presenting PROMIS Scores Associated with Number of Office Visits for Traumatic

Hand and Wrist Conditions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2019; 477(10): 2345-2355. https://doi.org/10.1097/CORR.0000000000000742.

Yannascoli SM, Stwalley D, Saeed MJ, Olsen MA, Dy CJ. A Population-Based Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Brachial Plexus Injuries. J Hand Surg Am 2018; 43(12): 1136.e1-1136.e9.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.03.056.

Geary M, Gaston RG, Loeffler B. Surgical and technological advances in the management of upper limb amputees. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B(3): 430-439.

https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.103B3.BJJ-2020-1184.R1.

Richford J, Abdullah S, Norhafizah M, Juliana I, Rashdeen F, Razana A. Outcome of Tendon Transfers for Radial Nerve Palsy in a Malaysian Tertiary Centre. Malays Orthop J 2018; 12(1): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.1803.001.

Stemn E. Analysis of Injuries in the Ghanaian Mining Industry and Priority Areas for Research. Saf Health Work 2019; 10(2): 151-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2018.09.001.

Tamanna D. Sanura, Priyanka Gokhale. Comparison of grip strength in dominant and non-dominant hand in recreational cyclists. Int J Health Sci Res 2022; 12(7): 290-297.

https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220741.

Çapkın S, Cavit A, Yılmaz K, Erdoğan E, Kaleli T. Associations between initial injury severity in acute hand, wrist or forearm injuries and disability ratings and time to return to work. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2020; 26(3): 453-461.

https://doi.org/10.14744/tjtes.2019.40524.

Jin H, Peng X, Zhang C. Pre-injury level of anxiety is associated with the rate of digit replant failure: A prospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2019; 69: 84-88.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.07.027.

Chen C, Scott F, Ipaktchi KR, Lauder A. Postoperative Digit and Hand Replantation Protocols: A Review of the Literature. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2021; 29(15): e732-e742.

https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-01176.

Grob M, Papadopulos NA, Zimmermann A, Biemer E, Kovacs L. The psychological impact of severe hand injury. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2008; 33(3): 358-362.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193407087026.

Boehm D, Schmid-Ott G, Finkeldey F, John SM, Dwinger C, Werfel T, et al. Anxiety, depression and impaired health-related quality of life in patients with occupational hand eczema. Contact Dermatitis 2012; 67(4): 184-192.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02062.x.