Carotid Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients and Associated Risk Factors

Muhammad  Farooq; Majida  Farooq; Naila  Mumtaz; Amna  Saleem; Aqib Ali  Shah

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v74i5.9234

Authors

Muhammad Farooq Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Nowshera /National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Majida Farooq Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Pathology/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Naila Mumtaz *Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital Nowshera/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Amna Saleem Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Nowshera /National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Aqib Ali Shah Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Nowshera /National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i5.9234

Keywords:

Atherosclerosis, Carotid Doppler, Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of carotid atherosclerosis in diabetic patients and find out its association with various risk factors.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Nowshera Pakistan, from May to Jul 2022.

Methodology: Patients, from both genders, were included in this study. Demographic information was obtained from all patients. Patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent carotid Doppler ultrasound after giving informed consent. High-resolution 7.5 MHz probe B mode ultrasonography and atherosclerosis was classified on the basis of grey-scale imaging.

Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, out of which 74 were males and 26 were females. Among diabetics, 54% occurrence of atherosclerosis was seen, with a major share of 24% involvement of the left carotid artery, followed by 18% bilaterally, and 12% right carotid artery involvement. Carotid intimal media thickness increased with advancing age, with variable severity of mild in 32%, moderate in 14%, and severe stenosis in 3% of positive cases.

Conclusion: There was a high association of carotid atherosclerosis with diabetes mellitus, having significant association with older age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking.

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