Role of Calcium Levels in Pregnant Women with Pre-Eclampsia and Severe Pre-Eclampsia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v73i6.7466Keywords:
Calcium association, Hypocalcemia, Pre-eclampsiaAbstract
Objective: To determine the association between hypocalcemia and pre-eclampsia.
Study Design: Case-control study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan,
from Jan to Jul 2019.
Methodology: A total of 90 women, (45 with pre-eclampsia and 45 with normotensive) aged 18-40 years, were included. In all patients, 5ml of venous blood was collected and sent to an institutional pathology laboratory for serum calcium level
measurement. Hypocalcemia was noted in the patients.
Results: The mean gestational age in the Case-Group was 31.40±1.64 weeks, and in the Control-Group was 31.51±1.69 weeks. The mean BMI in the Case-Group was 24.94±4.39 kg/m2, and in the Control-Group was 24.24±4.61 kg/m2. The mean serum calcium levels in the Case-Group were 5328.73±2638.70 ng/ml, and in the Control-Group were 8630.03±1099.26 ng/ml. In our study, the frequency of hypocalcemia in women with pre-eclampsia (Case Group) was found to be 16(36.56%) compared to only 04(8.89%) in normotensive (Control Group) women with a p-value of 005 and Odds ratio of 5.66 which shows a positive association of hypocalcemia with pre-eclampsia.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of hypocalcemia in pre-eclampsia women is very high, which shows a
positive association between hypocalcemia and pre-eclampsia.
Downloads
References
Adewolu OF. Serum sodium, potassium, calcium and
magnesium in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension
and preeclampsia in Oredo local government, Benin metropolis:
a pilot study. Afr J Med Health Sci 2018; 12(3): 1-5.
Sirajwala HB, Sharma D, Agravatt AM. A study of serum total
calcium and uric acid levels in preeclampsia Indian J Basic Appl
Med Res 2019; 3(1): 50-56.
Pairu J, Triveni GS, Manohar A. The study of serum calcium and
serum magnesium in pregnancy induced hypertension and
normal pregnancy. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2015;
(1): 30-34. https://doi.org/10.5455/2320-1770.ijrcog20150205.
Lamminpaa R, Vehvilainen JK, Gissler M, Heinonen S. Preeclampsia complicated by advanced maternal age: a registrybased study on primiparous women in Finland 1997-2008. BMC
Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 11(12): 47-50.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-12-47.
Kanagal DV, Rajesh A, Rao K, Devi UH, Shetty H, Kumari S, et
al. Levels of serum calcium and magnesium in pre-eclamptic and
normal pregnancy: a study from Coastal India. J Clin Diagn Res
; 8(7): 01–04.
https://doi.org/10.7860%2FJCDR%2F2014%2F8872.4537.
Kanagal DV, Rajesh A, Rao K, Devi UH, Shetty H, Kumari S, et
al. Levels of serum calcium and magnesium in pre-eclamptic and
normal pregnancy: a study from Coastal India. J Clin Diagn Res
; 8(7): 10–14.
https://doi.org/10.7860%2FJCDR%2F2014%2F8872.4537.
Kharaghani R, Cheraghi Z, Okhovat Esfahani B, Mohammadian
Z, Nooreldinc RS. Prevalence of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia in
Iran. Arch Iran Med 2016; 19(1): 64-71.
Sultana R, Singh KR, Joshi V. Role of serum calcium level in
pregnancy induced hypertension. Sch J App Med Sci 2016; 4(3B):
-73.
Moslemizade N, Rafiei A, Yazdani F, Hosseini-khah Z,
Yusefnezhad K. The effect of magnesium sulfate on bleeding
time and nitric oxide production in preeclamsia. Pak J Biol Sci
; 14(1): 106-111. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2011.106.111.
Raymond D, Peterson E. A critical review of early-onset and lateonset preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2019; 66(5): 497-506.
https://doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0b013e3182331028.
Hashemipour S, Esmailzadehha N, Ziaee A, Khoeiniha MH,
Darvishgoftar E, Mesgari Z, et al. The relationship of vitamin d
and calcium level with preeclampsia severity: a case- control
study. Int J Pediatr 2017; 5(6): 5203-5210.
https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.21351.1792.
Cetin I, Berti C, Calabrese S. Role of micronutrients in the
periconceptional period. Human Reprod Update 2019; 16(1): 80–
https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp025.
Punthumapol C, Kittichotpanich B. Serum Calcium, Magnesium
and Uric Acid in Pre-eclampsia and Normal Pregnancy. J Med
Assoc Thai 2018; 91(7): 968–972 .
Cetin I, Berti C, Calabrese S. Role of micronutrients in the
periconceptional period. Human Reprod Update 2020; 16(1): 80–
https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp025.
Rashid B, Richar MM, Gul-E-Rana. Low serum calcium levels in
pre-eclampsia. J South Asian Feder Obstet Gynecol 2015; 7(3):
-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1341.
Akhtar S, Ali T, Begum S, Ferdous S. Micronutrient deficiency in
severe preeclampsia. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2017; 8(1): 26-32.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i1.16644.
Herrera JA, Arevalo‐Herrera M, Herrera S. Prevention of
preeclampsia by linoleic acid and calcium supplementation: A
randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2018; 9(1): 585‐590.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00711-4.
Lopez-Jaramillo P. Calcium, nitric oxide, and preeclampsia.
Semin Perinatol 2020; 24(2): 33-36.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0146-0005(00)80052-x.
Kisters K, Hovdenak N, Haram K. Influence of mineral and
vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome. Eur J Obstet
Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 16(4): 20127-20132.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.06.020.
Kanagal DV, Rajesh A, Rao K. Levels of serum calcium and
magnesium in pre-eclamptic and normal pregnancy: a study
from coastal India. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8(7): 01–04.
https://doi.org/10.7860%2FJCDR%2F2014%2F8872.4537.
Hofmeyr GJ, Lawrie TA, Atallah ÁN, Torloni MR. Calcium
supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive
disorders and related problems. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
; 10(10): CD001059.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
