Congenital Heart Disease among Neonates in a Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i5.7021Keywords:
Congenital Health Disease (CHD); Prevalence; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU); Outcome; Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD).Abstract
Objective: To determine the pattern of Congenital Heart Disease among neonates in a neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: A total of 287 participants were enrolled in the study using non-probability consecutive sampling. Echocardiogram was used as a tool to diagnose congenital heart disease.
Results: Among 287 neonates, the mean weight was 2.36±0.73 kg with 49.5% being males and 50.5% females. Most of the neonates were delivered by Lower Segment Cesarean Section (227, 79.1%), while rest (60, 20.9%) were by spontaneous vaginal delivery. Neonates were mostly born at full term (159, 55.4%), followed by preterm (99, 34.5%), and early term (29, 10.1%). Only 34(11.8%) of the neonates showed any Congenital Heart Disease. Ventricular Septal Defect was the most common Congenital Heart Disease defect (15, 44.1%), followed by Patent Ductus Arteriosus (10, 29.4%) and Teratology of Fallot (4, 11.8%), while least common was Pulmonary Atresia (1, 2.9%). The relationship of Congenital Heart Disease with gender, mode of delivery, gestational age, and outcome of the neonate was found to be not significant.
Conclusion: A small proportion of the neonates had Congenital Heart Disease with no significant relationship with gender, delivery mode, gestational age, and outcome of the neonate.
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