Evaluation of Antithrombin-III Deficiency and Factor V Leiden Mutation in Patients with Stroke in Young Patients

Hamad  Khan; Khurram Haq  Nawaz; Muhammad Asif  Nizami; Hamid  Mukhtar; Faisal Shabbier  Sheikh; Muhammad  Anjum

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v74i3.6629

Authors

Hamad Khan Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Khurram Haq Nawaz Department of Neurology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Muhammad Asif Nizami Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Hamid Mukhtar Department of Neurology Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore Pakistan
Faisal Shabbier Sheikh Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Muhammad Anjum Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i3.6629

Keywords:

Antithrombin III, Comorbid, Factor V leiden, Ischemic stroke

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate Antithrombin III and Factor V Leiden mutation in stroke among young patients and its association with various socio-demographic aspects.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2020.

Methodology: A total of 103 individuals, aged 18-65 years, with acute ischemic stroke were included. The diagnosis was confirmed using computed tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain scan. Plasma AT III activity and Factor V Leiden mutation were analyzed using standard techniques. Various socio demographic features like age, gender, body mass index, smoking, deployment at High altitude (>10,000 feet), family history of stroke and hyperlipidemia were recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results: Only two (1.9%) patients had AT III deficiency while one (0.9%) patient showed Factor V Leiden mutation. All patients were male. Working at high altitude, family history of stroke and tobacco smoking were related with the presence of low AT III levels (p-value <0.05).

Conclusion: Testing for hypercoagulable states in the setting of stroke in young may be useful if there is family history of stroke, smoking and high-altitude deployment. Investigations to search for the cause should be tailored as per individual patients.

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