Acute Liver Failure in a Neonate; A Case Report

Misbah  Fakih; Sidrah Tariq; Muhammad  Shoaib; Farooq  Ikram; Hafsa  Asad

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v74i6.6161

Authors

Misbah Fakih Department of Pediatrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Sidrah Tariq Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Muhammad Shoaib Department of Pediatrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Farooq Ikram Department of Pediatrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
Hafsa Asad Department of Pediatrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i6.6161

Keywords:

Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease (GALD), Liver Failure, Neonatal Hemochromatosis.

Abstract

Neonatal hemochromatosis is a rare disorder that poses significant mortality and morbidity risks. It is one of the causes of acute liver failure in neonates. We report a case of a 15-day-old girl with complaints of jaundice and progressive liver failure; a family history of 3 early neonatal deaths with similar complaints led to the strong suspicion of Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease. Clinicians should consider Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease in cases of fetal demise, stillbirth, and neonatal acute liver failure, as treatment is available and effective for subsequent pregnancies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Whitington PF, Kelly S. Outcome of pregnancies at risk for neonatal hemochromatosis is improved by treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Pediatrics 2008; 121(6): e1615-1621.

https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-3107

Feldman AG, Whitington PF. Neonatal hemochromatosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2013; 3(4): 313-20.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2013.10.004

Whitington PF, Hibbard JU. High-dose immunoglobulin during pregnancy for recurrent neonatal haemochromatosis. Lancet 2004; 364(9446): 1690-1698.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17356-X

Pan X, Kelly S, Melin-Aldana H, Malladi P, Whitington PF. Novel mechanism of fetal hepatocyte injury in congenital alloimmune hepatitis involves the terminal complement cascade. Hepatology 2010; 51(6): 2061-2068.

https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23581

Sigurdsson L, Reyes J, Kocoshis SA, Hansen TW, Rosh J, Knisely AS, et al. Neonatal hemochromatosis: outcomes of pharma-cologic and surgical therapies. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1998; 26(1): 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199801000-00015

Lopriore E, Mearin ML, Oepkes D. Neonatal hemochromatosis: management, outcome, and prevention. Prenat Diagn 2013; 33(13): 1221-1225. https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.4232

Feldman AG, Whitington PF. Neonatal hemochromatosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2013; 3(4): 313-320.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2013.10.004

Flynn DM, Mohan N, McKiernan P, Beath S, Buckels J, Mayer D, et al. Progress in treatment and outcome for children with neonatal haemochromatosis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2003; 88(2): F124-127.

https://doi.org/10.1136/fn.88.2.f124

Jimenez-Rivera C, Gupta A, Feberova J, de Nanassy JA, Boland MP. Successful treatment of neonatal hemochromatosis as gestational alloimmune liver disease with intravenous immunoglobulin. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2014; 7(4): 301-304.

https://doi.org/10.3233/NPM-14814026

Rand EB, Karpen SJ, Kelly S, Mack CL, Malatack JJ, Sokol RJ, et al. Whitington PF. Treatment of neonatal hemochromatosis with exchange transfusion and intravenous immunoglobulin. J Pediatr 2009; 155(4): 566-571.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.04.012