The Role of Essential Oils as the Treatment Alternatives for Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
A Short Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75iSUPPL-1.4341Keywords:
Effective alternatives, essential oils, Multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDR-SA) has significantly abated the sensitivity to antibiotics, causing uncertainty in the effectiveness of antibiotics to combat multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, new therapeutic options are in demand for adequate management of patients presented with multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Scientists worldwide are working on the secondary metabolites of the medicinal plants, such as essential oils as potential antimicrobial agent/s with minimum resistance as an alternative to conventional medicine. This review summarized the evidence on the efficacy of essential oils against a range of bacterial strains which were considered resistant to many antibiotics.
Downloads
References
Ge B, Mukherjee S, Hsu CH, Davis JA, Tran TT, Yang Q, et al. MRSA and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in US retail meats, 2010–2011. Food microbiol 2017; 62: 289-297.
Nathwani D, Morgan M, Masterton RG, Dryden M, Cookson BD, French G, et al. Guidelines for UK practice for the diagnosis and management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections presenting in the community. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61(5): 976-994.
Chmielarczyk A, Pomorska-Wesołowska M, Szczypta A, Romaniszyn D, Pobiega M, Wójkowska-Mach J. Molecular analysis of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different types of infections from patients hospitalized in 12 regional, non-teaching hospitals in southern Poland. J Hosp Infect 2017; 95(3): 259-267.
Brusselaers N, Vogelaers D, Blot S. The rising problem of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit. Ann Intensive Care 2011; 1(1): 47.
Hamdan-Partida A, González-García S, de la Rosa García E, Bustos-Martínez J. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can persist in the throat. Int J Med Microbiol 2018; 308(4): 469-475.
Sklyar TV, Lavrentievа KV, Gavrilyuk VG, Kurahina NV, Vereshchaha MO, Lykholat OA, et al. Monitoring of multiresistant community-associated MRSA strains from patients with pathological processes of different localization. Regul Mech Biosyst 2018; 9(2).
Sanches IS, Ramirez M, Troni H, Abecassis M, Padua M, Tomasz A, et al. Evidence for the geographic spread of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone between Portugal and Spain. J Clin Microbiol. 1995; 33(5): 1243-1246.
Fabbretti A, Gualerzi CO, Brandi L. How to cope with the quest for new antibiotics. FEBS letters 2011; 585(11): 1673-1681.
De Kraker ME, Jarlier V, Monen JC, Heuer OE, Van De Sande N, Grundmann H. The changing epidemiology of bacteraemias in Europe: trends from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2013; 19(9): 860-868.
Laxminarayan R, Duse A, Wattal C, Zaidi AK, Wertheim HF, et al. Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis 2013; 13(12): 1057-1098.
Gillings MR, Paulsen IT, Tetu SG. Genomics and the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1388(1): 92-107.
Fischbach MA, Walsh CT. Antibiotics for emerging pathogens. Science. 2009; 325(5944): 1089-1093.
Hiramatsu K, Hanaki H, Ino T, Yabuta K, Oguri T, Tenover FC, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain with reduced vancomycin susceptibility. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 40(1): 135-136.
Van Belkum A, Bachmann TT, Lüdke G, Lisby JG, Kahlmeter G, Mohess A, et al. Developmental roadmap for antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17(1): 51-62.
Howden BP, Davies JK, Johnson PD, Stinear TP, Grayson ML. Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus, including vancomycin-intermediate and heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate strains: resistance mechanisms, laboratory detection, and clinical implications. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23(1): 99-139.
Bérdy J. Thoughts and facts about antibiotics: where we are now and where we are heading. J Antibiot 2012; 65(8): 385.
Cushnie TT, Lamb AJ. Recent advances in understanding the antibacterial properties of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 38(2): 99-107.
Prasad DR, Izam A, Khan MM. Jatropha curcas: plant of medical benefits. J Med Plants Res 2012; 6(14): 2691-2699.
Demain AL, Sanchez S. Microbial drug discovery: 80 years of progress. J Antibiot 2009; 62(1): 5.
Burt S. Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—a review. Int J Food Microbiol 2004; 94(3): 223-253.
Sharifi-Rad J, Sureda A, Tenore GC, Daglia M, Sharifi-Rad M, Valussi M, et al. Biological activities of essential oils: From plant chemoecology to traditional healing systems. Molecules 2017; 22(1): 70.
Schäfer H, Wink M. Medicinally important secondary metabolites in recombinant microorganisms or plants: progress in alkaloid biosynthesis. Biotechnol j 2009; 4(12): 1684-703.
Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D, Idaomar M. Biological effects of essential oils–a review. Food chem toxicol 2008; 46(2): 446-75.
Tepe B, Donmez E, Unlu M, Candan F, Daferera D, Vardar-Unlu G, et al. Antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of the essential oils and methanol extracts of Salvia cryptantha (Montbret et Aucher ex Benth.) and Salvia multicaulis (Vahl). Food chem 2004; 84(4): 519-525.
Idaomar M, El Hamss R, Bakkali F, Mezzoug N, Zhiri A, Baudoux D, et al. Genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of some essential oils evaluated by wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 2002; 513(1):61-68.
Aslam B, Wang W, Arshad MI, Khurshid M, Muzammil S, Rasool MH, et al. Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11: 1645.
Rather IA, Kim BC, Bajpai VK, Park YH. Self-medication and antibiotic resistance: Crisis, current challenges, and prevention. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017; 24(4): 808-812.
Harkins CP, Pichon B, Doumith M, Parkhill J, Westh H, Tomasz A, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus emerged long before the introduction of methicillin into clinical practice. Genome biol 2017; 18(1): 130.
Hu W, Li C, Dai J, Cui H, Lin L. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of Litsea cubeba essential oil against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Ind Crops Prod 2019; 130: 34-41.
Zouhir A, Jridi T, Nefzi A, Ben Hamida J, Sebei K. Inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and plant essential oils. Pharm Biol 2016; 54(12): 3136-3150
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sarwat Ali Raja, Naeem Mubarak, Sadaf Ali Raja, Kiran Abbas

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.