A COMPARSION OF CONTRAST INDUCED NEPHROPATHY BETWEEN NORMAL AND HIGH RISK POPULATION UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography and compare frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in low and high risk patients.

Study Design: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of study: Cardiac cath department, Armed forces institute of cardiology and National institute of heart diseases, Rawalpindi from Jul 2017 to Dec 2017.

Material and Methods: Patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary angiography with co-morbids (diabetes mellitus and hypertention) were included. Diabetics who are on oral hypoglycemic agents i.e. metformin was stopped 48 hours prior to the procedure. Patients were enrolled into two groups; one with normal baseline creatinine level and the second group with abnormal baseline i.e. creatinine >1.5, diabetes and
hypertention which was pre-hydrated. All patients were administered intravenous fluid (normal saline) before the procedure.

Results: Total 115 patients were included according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Mean age was 45.11 ± 7.09 years while there were 60 (52.2%) male and 55 (47.8%) female patients in the study. Frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography was 11 (9.3%), whereas frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in low and high risk patients was 8 (72.7%) and 3 (27.3%) respectively which was
statistically not significant (p-value 0.980).

Conclusion: The study showed that occurrence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography was although not statistically significant but more studies should be done in order to contribute in the existing research through validation of risk factors (predictors) for contrast induced nephropathy in diabetic and hypertensive patients.