Estimation of Critical Sized Bone Defect for Biomaterial Implantation and Evaluation of Newly Formed Bone by Quantitative Histomorphometry, using Silicon Substituted Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering Purpose
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75i3.12885Keywords:
Bone, Bone Regeneration, Histology, Hydroxyapatites, Stromal Vascular Fraction, Tissue EngineeringAbstract
Objective: To determine Critical sized bone defect in Rabbit tibiae for evaluation of implanted biomaterial and to quantify new bone formation to see the osteogenic effect of Silicon substituted Hydroxyapatite.
Study Design: Lab-based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2021 to Jan 2023.
Methodology: A total of 30 New Zealand White rabbits, divided into six Groups (n=5) were used. After Anesthesia, a bone defect measuring 6 x 6 x 6mm was drilled in the right tibiae in Group A1 and A2 (sacrificed after 4 and 6 weeks, respectively) and 9 x 6 x 6mm in Group A3 (sacrificed after 6 weeks). Silicon hydroxyapatite, alone with stromal vascular fraction, was placed in Experimental Groups II, III, and IV.
Results: All rabbits in Group A3 showed no defect closure, indicating that it was a critical-sized defect. The median values with interquartile ranges (IQR) of p=0.004 among the Groups indicated that Group IV had a significantly increased total bone area compared to the other Groups. In Group comparisons, no statistical difference was observed between Group I and II, Group II and III, or Group II and IV. However, a statistically significant difference was observed between Group I and IV (p-value =0.002).
Conclusion: A defect size of 9 x 6 x 6 mm may be suitable for studies of shorter duration, and bone area quantification can be used to assess new bone formation.
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