FREQUENCY OF VITREO MACULAR TRACTION IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY

Vitreo Macular Traction in Diabetic Macular Edema

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of vitreo macular traction (VMT) in patients of diabetic macular edema (DME) as detected on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO) Rawalpindi, from May 2013 to Jan 2014.
Patients and Methods: Diabetic patients of less than 18 years of age with DME and central macular thickness of more than 250 micrometers (µm) were included. The patients with idiopathic VMT, history of vitreoretinal surgery, and history of other retinal vascular diseases were excluded from the study. Dilated fundus was done in each patient using 90 D lens on a slit lamp biomicroscope and patients with diabetic retinopathy changes and DME were subjected to OCT examination using Topcon 3-D OCT 1000 (Topcon Corporation). Record of each patient including demographic data, ocular findings and OCT data were endorsed on a pre-devised proforma.
Results: Seventy one eyes of 68 patients were included, 36 (50.7%) were males and 35 (49.29%) were females. Mean age was 53.17 ± 8.79 years. Mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 361.8 ± 109 µm. VMT was detected in 17 (23.9%) eyes. Amongst these, 2(12.5%) eyes had vitreofoveal traction, epiretinal membrane was found in 4 (25%) eyes and 11(62.5%) eyes had extra foveal VMT.
Conclusion: Detection of VMT in about a quarter of cases reflects that OCT is a viable tool for early detection of vitreomacular interface abnormalities.