The Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Serum Potassium and Serum Sodium Levels in Diabetic Patients taking SGLT-2 Inhibitors, Reporting in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi

Authors

  • Abdul Latif Khattak Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Ahmar Rashid Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Farah Javed Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Sana Aziz Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Fuad Ahmad Siddiqi Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Syeda Alihah Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75i1.11954

Keywords:

Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin, Endocrinology, SGLT2 inhibitors, serum potassium and sodium levels, Type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate how SGLT2 inhibitors, in comparison to a placebo and the maximum dose of Metformin, affect the levels of serum potassium and sodium in individuals with Type II Diabetes.

Study Design: Quasi- Experimental study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) in a tertiary care hospital, in Rawalpindi Pakistan from Oct 2022 to Mar 2023.

Methodology: A total of 200 patients with type II diabetes were recruited and divided into two groups. 100 diabetic patients were placed in Group-A and were given SGLT-2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin) while 100 diabetic patients were placed in Group-B, given a placebo in addition to a maximum dose of 2000mg/day of Metformin they were already taking. Patients were observed over 24 weeks and the levels of serum potassium and sodium were assessed at the end of this period.

Results: Mean sodium levels of patients receiving SGLT-2 inhibitors were 139.3±3.18 mmol/L while of those who received placebo were 138.94±3.5 mmol/L with a p-value of 0.44. The mean potassium levels of patients who received SGLT-2 inhibitors were 3.96±0.33 mmol/L while of those who received placebo were 3.97±0.38 mmol/L with a p-value of 0.8. There was statistically no difference in serum sodium and potassium levels of the two groups.

Conclusion: SGLT-2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin) do not affect serum sodium and potassium levels when compared to patients who were given placebo as there was statistically no significant difference among the two groups.

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Published

28-02-2025

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Original Articles

How to Cite

1.
Khattak AL, Rashid A, Javed F, Aziz S, Siddiqi FA, Alihah S. The Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Serum Potassium and Serum Sodium Levels in Diabetic Patients taking SGLT-2 Inhibitors, Reporting in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi. Pak Armed Forces Med J [Internet]. 2025 Feb. 28 [cited 2025 Mar. 28];75(1):142-6. Available from: https://pafmj.org/PAFMJ/article/view/11954