The Effect of Dengue Infection Severity on Blood Parameters

Faisal Bacha; Tahir Mukhtar Sayed; Muhammad Noaman; Haseeb Noor; Binish Gull Arshad; Fakhra Noureen

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v74i5.11449

Authors

Faisal Bacha Department of Internal Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan
Tahir Mukhtar Sayed Department of Internal Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan
Muhammad Noaman Department of Internal Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan
Haseeb Noor Department of Gastroenterology, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan
Binish Gull Arshad Department of Biochemistry, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan
Fakhra Noureen Department of Chemical Pathology, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i5.11449

Keywords:

Alanine Transaminase, Dengue, Dengue Shock Syndrome, Platelet Count, Thrombocytopenia.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between dengue infection severity, Alanine Aminotransferase levels, and platelet counts.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Akhtar Saeed Medical College-affiliated Farooq Hospital, Tehsil Murree, District Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Oct 2022 to Sep 2023.

Methodology: Data from the medical records of individuals admitted to the dengue ward and diagnosed with confirmed dengue fever were evaluated. Demographic data, platelet counts on days 3, 4, and 5, Alanine Aminotransferase levels, and reports of Dengue Shock Syndrome and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.

Results: Of the 69 participants, 76.8% were men, and most were aged 19–30 years. There was no significant difference in the mean Alanine Aminotransferase levels between the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever positive and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever negative patients (p=0.615). Patients with Dengue Shock Syndrome showed significantly different mean Alanine Aminotransferase levels (p=0.031). When comparing Dengue Shock Syndrome-positive individuals with Dengue Shock Syndrome -negative individuals, platelet counts were considerably lower (p=0.023).

Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is an important marker for severe dengue fever outcomes, particularly in Dengue Shock Syndrome patients. Although there was no significant difference in Alanine Aminotransferase levels between Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever cases and Dengue Shock Syndrome-positive cases, there was a discernible increase in Dengue Shock Syndrome-positive cases, suggesting that liver function tests may be helpful in anticipating shock.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Muhammad Noaman, Department of Internal Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Assistant professor

internal medicine

References

Jing Q, Wang M. Dengue epidemiology. Glob Health J 2019; 3(2): 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2019.06.002

World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia. (‎2020)‎. Dengue bulletin, vol. 41, 2020. Available at:

https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/340395

(Accessed on September 12, 2023)

Rehman MMU, Zakaria M, Mustafvi SA. Clinical And Laboratory Profile Of Dengue Fever Patients Admitted In Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi In Year 2015: Laboratory Parameters And Outcome of Dengue Fever. Pak Armed Forces Med J 2017; 67(4): 496-501.

Haroon M, Jan H, Faisal S, Ali N, Kamran M, Ullah F. Dengue outbreak in Peshawar: clinical features and laboratory markers of dengue virus infection. J Infect Public Health 2019; 12(2): 258-262.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.138

Yang X, Quam MB, Zhang T, Sang S. Global burden for dengue and the evolving pattern in the past 30 years. J Travel Med 2021; 28(8): taab146. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab146

Fever DH. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. World. 1977.

Khurram M, Qayyum W, ul Hassan SJ, Mumtaz S, Bushra HT, Umar M. Dengue hemorrhagic fever: comparison of patients with primary and secondary infections. J Infect Public Health 2014; 7(6): 489-495.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2014.05.005

Ayaz F, Furrukh M. Assessment of severity of dengue fever by deranged alanine aminotransferase levels. Cureus 2020; 12(9): 10539.

https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10539

Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen S-H, Wang P-W, Chen C-S, Yen C-F. Evaluation of the diagnostic criteria of Internet gaming disorder in the DSM-5 among young adults in Taiwan. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 53: 103-110.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.02.008

Dalvi APR, Gibson G, Ramos Jr AN, Bloch KV, Sousa GdSd, Silva TLNd, et al. Sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with dengue, Zika, and chikungunya among adolescents from two Brazilian capitals. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17(3): e0011197.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011197

Pérez-Pérez J, Peña-García VH, Calle-Tobón A, Quimbayo-Forero M, Rojo R, Henao E, et al. Entomovirological surveillance in schools: Are they a source for arboviral diseases transmission? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(11): 6137.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116137

Leowattana W, Leowattana T. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and the liver. World J hepatol 2021; 13(12): 1968.

https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v13.i12.1968

Fernando S, Wijewickrama A, Gomes L, Punchihewa CT, Madusanka S, Dissanayake H, et al. Patterns and causes of liver involvement in acute dengue infection. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16: 1-9.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1656-2

Samanta J, Sharma V. Dengue and its effects on liver. World J Clin Cases 2015; 3(2): 125.

https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v3.i2.125

Lee LK, Gan VC, Lee VJ, Tan AS, Leo YS, Lye DC. Clinical relevance and discriminatory value of elevated liver aminotransferase levels for dengue severity. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6(6): e1676.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001676

Palmal S, Chakraborty S, Ganguly S, Kundu S, Dey JB, Pramanik K, et al. Study of Hepatic Dysfunction Associated with Dengue Epidemiology in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kolkata. ACS omega 2023; 8(7): 6632-6637.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c07119

WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control: New Edition. World Health Organization; 2009.

Lam PK, Ngoc TV, Thu TT, Hong NT, Nhu TT, Hoai DT, et al. The value of daily platelet counts for predicting dengue shock syndrome: Results from a prospective observational study of 2301 Vietnamese children with dengue. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11(4): e0005498.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005498

Kularatnam GAM, Jasinge E, Gunasena S, Samaranayake D, Senanayake MP, Wickramasinghe VP. Evaluation of biochemical and haematological changes in dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Sri Lankan children: a prospective follow up study. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19: 1-9.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1451-5

Faridah IN, Dania H, Chen Y-H, Supadmi W, Purwanto BD, Heriyanto MJ, et al. Dynamic changes of platelet and factors related dengue haemorrhagic fever: a retrospective study in Indonesian. Diagnostics 2022; 12(4): 950.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/950#

Ojha A, Nandi D, Batra H, Singhal R, Annarapu GK, Bhattacharyya S, et al. Platelet activation determines the severity of thrombocytopenia in dengue infection. Sci. Rep 2017; 7(1): 41697.

https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41697