Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (Pd-L1) in Urothelial Cancer in Urinary Bladder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75i5.10460Keywords:
Immunohistochemical marker, PD-L1, Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma, Urinary Bladder CarcinomaAbstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry expression in urothelial carcinoma in our population
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Jan 2021 to Jun 2022.
Methodology: The study comprised of 80 patients diagnosed with urothelial cancer. The frequency of different subtypes of urothelial carcinoma (papillary and non-papillary) was recorded. Immunohistochemical staining with PD-L1 antibody (Clone 28-8) was performed.Patients with no expression for PD-L1 were considered negative, whereas immunohistochemical expression of ≥1% was considered positive. PD-L1 statuses of all urothelial cancer tumour cells was determined.
Results: The study comprised 80 instances of urothelial carcinoma. The age range at presentation was 32 to 95 years. Among the patients, 71(88.8%) were men and 9(11.12%) were women. Papillary urothelial carcinoma was the most prevalent histological type, found in 63 cases (78.8%). Urothelial carcinoma without papillary features was detected in 17 instances (21.2%). Of the former, 23 were found to be low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma and 40 cases turned out to be high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma. Urothelial carcinomas other than papillary were all high grade, and each patient had a different histology. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry expression was seen in 15(18.75%) instances of urothelial carcinoma.
Conclusion: The prevalence of urothelial cancer was higher in men than women. PD-L1 expression in urothelial carcinoma was not commonly observed.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Atif Khalil, Nadeem Zafar, Hassan Tariq, Wajahat Ahmed Khan, Siyab Ahmed, Muhammad Owais Qurni
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