STUDY OF PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON HIGH DOSE VANCOMYCIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN RABBITS

Abstract

Objective:

To explore the nephropreventive effects of melatonin on vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits.

Study Design: Laboratory based randomized controlled trial.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, from May 2017 to June 2017.

Material and Methods: Seventy rabbits were divided into three groups. Group A served as a control group (n=10), group B (n=30) received I/P vancomycin 200mg/kg twice a day for seven days while group C (n=30) received I/P melatonin 10mg/kg 30 minutes prior to vancomycin administration for seven days. Animals were sacrificed on the eighth day. Biochemical analysis was done for serum urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium on day 0 and day 8. Kidneys were sent for histopathology. Statistical analysis was carried out by using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and SPSS version 21. One way ANOVA, followed by ‘Post Hoc Tukey’ test was used for biochemical parameters.

Results:

Vancomycin induced massive renal damage (grade III) and led to elevation in biochemical parameters, while melatonin pretreatment prevented the renal damage and the biochemical parameters were also significantly reduced with a p-value of <0.001 for serum urea, creatinine and potassium but had insignificant p-value for serum sodium levels.

Conclusion:

The study outcome indicates the potential of melatonin to prevent Vancomycin induced nephrotoxicity by virtue of its antioxidant property.