CHALLENGES AND COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SODIUM, POTASSIUM IMBALANCES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN CHILDREN UNDER-FIVE WITH ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of sodium and potassium abnormalities associated with acute gastroenteritis in children and its complications.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric Medicine Department of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, from Jan to Dec 2019.

Methodology: Two hundred and eighteen children were recruited in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After taking informed consent, their demographic data recorded, blood samples were taken and examined for serum sodium and potassium levels. The complications arising from sodium and potassium abnormalities were also noted.

Results: There were 101 (46.3%) males while 117 (53.7%) females with male to female ratio of 1:1.2. Mean age was 1.87 ± 1.30 years. 42 (19.2%) children had sodium abnormality, 93 (42.7%) children had potassium abnormalities and 83 (38.1%) children had no abnormality. Out of 29 (13.3%) children had complications while 189 (86.7%) children were without complications.

Conclusion: We concluded that 42 (19.2%) children had sodium abnormality, 93 (42.7%) children had potassium abnormalities and 13.3% patients developed complication. This can be prevented by implementing hygienic practices, routine vaccinations and prompt rehydration.